Petroleum Source Rock and Fluids Atlas Web Feature ServiceThe Source Rock and Fluids Atlas delivery and publication services provide up-to-date information on petroleum (organic) geochemical and geological data from Geoscience Australia's Organic Geochemistry Database (ORGCHEM). The sample data provides the spatial distribution of petroleum source rocks and their derived fluids (natural gas and crude oil) from boreholes and field sites in onshore and offshore Australian basins. The services provide characterisation of source rocks through the visualisation of Pyrolysis, Organic Petrology (Maceral Groups, Maceral Reflectance) and Organoclast Maturity data. The services also provide molecular and isotopic characterisation of source rocks and petroleum through the visualisation of Bulk, Whole Oil GC, Gas, Compound-Specific Isotopic Analyses (CSIA) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) data tables. Interpretation of these data enables the characterisation of petroleum source rocks and identification of their derived petroleum fluids that comprise two key elements of petroleum systems analysis. The composition of petroleum determines whether or not it can be an economic commodity and if other processes (e.g. CO2 removal and sequestration; cryogenic liquefaction of LNG) are required for development.pyrolysisreflectancepetrologymaceralsorganicgeochemistryWFS2.0.0NONE© Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) 2024. This product is released under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcodeGeoscience AustraliaClient Services+61 2 6249 9111+61 2 6249 9999ACT2601Australiaclientservices@ga.gov.au1.0.01.1.02.0.0text/xmlServiceIdentificationServiceProviderOperationsMetadataFeatureTypeListFilter_Capabilitiesapplication/gml+xml; version=3.2resultshitsapplication/gml+xml; version=3.2GML2KMLSHAPE-ZIPapplication/flatgeobufapplication/geo+jsonapplication/geopackage+sqlite3application/jsonapplication/ld+jsonapplication/vnd.google-earth.kml xmlapplication/vnd.google-earth.kml+xmlapplication/vnd.ogc.fg+jsonapplication/x-gpkgcsvexcelexcel2007geopackagegeopkggml3gml32gpkgjsontext/csvtext/htmltext/xml; subtype=gml/2.1.2text/xml; subtype=gml/3.1.1text/xml; subtype=gml/3.2nonelocalFALSE1000000nonelocalapplication/gml+xml; version=3.2urn:ogc:def:queryLanguage:OGC-WFS::WFSQueryExpressionALLSOMEresultshitsapplication/gml+xml; version=3.2GML2KMLSHAPE-ZIPapplication/flatgeobufapplication/geo+jsonapplication/geopackage+sqlite3application/jsonapplication/ld+jsonapplication/vnd.google-earth.kml xmlapplication/vnd.google-earth.kml+xmlapplication/vnd.ogc.fg+jsonapplication/x-gpkgcsvexcelexcel2007geopackagegeopkggml3gml32gpkgjsontext/csvtext/htmltext/xml; subtype=gml/2.1.2text/xml; subtype=gml/3.1.1text/xml; subtype=gml/3.2nonelocalapplication/gml+xml; version=3.2ALLSOMETRUETRUETRUETRUETRUETRUEFALSEFALSETRUETRUETRUETRUEFALSETRUEFALSEwfs:Querywfs:StoredQueryorgchem:S1PlusS2S1S2Rock EvalGAPetersSource Rock Potentialurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:APIGravityThe American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity is a measure of density for petroleum. API gravity is gradated in degrees on a hydrometer. The API gravity of petroleum is compared to fresh water, which has an API gravity of 10. It is derived from the specific gravity of the fluid measured at 60°F (15.56°C) using a table of standard measurements (e.g. ASTM-API Petroleum Measurement Tables, 1952). API gravity = (141.5 /specific gravity at 60°F) – 131.5. The qualitative sub-division of petroleum type based on API gravity has been applied after Dembicki (2017): extra heavy crude oil (API≤10°); heavy crude oil (10°<API≤25°), medium crude oil (25°<API≤35°), light crude oil (35°<API≤45°), and condensate (API>45°). Geoscience Australia defines extra heavy crude oils where API <10°. The qualitative sub-division of petroleum phase based on API gravity has been applied after Jarvie et al. (2015): black oil (20°<API≤40°), volatile oil (40°<API≤50°), gas-condensate (50°<API≤55°), rich wet gas (55°<API≤60°), and lean wet gas (API>60°).bulk oilAPI gravitypetroleumurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:AlginiteMacerals are components of kerogen that show petrographically distinct properties. The maceral alginite belongs to the liptinite maceral group. Alginite comprises organic-walled microfossils derived from algae, phytoplankton (dinoflagellates, acritarchs) and microbial mats. It is regarded as being oil-prone kerogen. Alginite data is provided as a percentage (%) of the total macerals. 2 styles are represented in this layer: a) Default alginite data available in the selected borehole b) Quantitative measurement of alginite as a percentage of the total macerals PLEASE NOTE: The attribute names in this layer have been modified. This may break applications and other clients with dependencies on the service. For further information please contact Geoscience Australia Client Services at clientservices@ga.gov.au.featureswebsvc_petrologyalginitesamplesrangeurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:MeanAlginiteReflectancefeaturesWEBSVC_REFLECTANCEAlginitemeanurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:MeanBitumenReflectancefeaturesWEBSVC_REFLECTANCEBitumenmeanurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:MinimumCAIwebsvc_reflectancefeaturesconodontalterationurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CSIACarbonfeatureswebsvc_csiaurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CSIAGasCarbonfeatureswebsvc_gasCSIAC1C6urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CSIAGasHydrogenfeatureswebsvc_gascsia_hydrogenurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CSIAHydrogenfeatureswebsvc_csiaurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CarbonDioxidefeatureswebsvc_gasCarbon Dioxideurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CarbonIsotopeCarbonateThe stable carbon isotopic ratio (¹³C/¹²C) of the carbonate component in rocks. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δ¹³C) relative to the Vienna Peedee Belemnite (VPDB) standard.carbon isotopic ratiocarbonateurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CarbonIsotopeEOMThe stable carbon isotopic ratio (¹³C/¹²C) of the extractable organic matter (EOM or C₁₂₊ hydrocarbons) obtained from the rock. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δ¹³C) relative to the Vienna Peedee Belemnite (VPDB) standard.carbon isotopic ratioC12+ hydrocarbonsextractable organic matterEOMurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CarbonIsotopeEOMAromaticsThe stable carbon isotopic ratio (¹³C/¹²C) of the aromatic hydrocarbon fraction from the extractable organic matter (EOM) (C₁₂₊ hydrocarbons). Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δ¹³C) relative to the Vienna Peedee Belemnite (VPDB) standard.aromatic hydrocarbon fractioncarbon isotopic ratioC12+ hydrocarbonsextractable organic matterEOMurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CarbonIsotopeEOMSaturatesThe stable carbon isotopic ratio (¹³C/¹²C) of the saturated hydrocarbon fraction from the extractable organic matter (EOM) (C₁₂₊ hydrocarbons). Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δ¹³C) relative to the Vienna Peedee Belemnite (VPDB) standard.carbon isotopic ratiosaturated hydrocarbon fractionC12+ hydrocarbonsextractable organic matterEOMurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CarbonIsotopeKerogenThe stable carbon isotopic ratio (¹³C/¹²C) of the kerogen isolated from the rock. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δ¹³C) relative to the Vienna Peedee Belemnite (VPDB) standard.carbon isotopic ratiokerogenurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CarbonIsotopePetroleumAromaticsThe stable carbon isotopic ratio (¹³C/¹²C) of the bulk C₁₂₊ hydrocarbons in the aromatic fraction of a petroleum sample. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δ¹³C) relative to the Vienna Peedee Belemnite (VPDB) standard.petroleumcarbon isotopic ratioaromatic fractionurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CarbonIsotopePetroleumSaturatesThe stable carbon isotopic ratio (¹³C/¹²C) of the bulk C₁₂₊ hydrocarbons in the saturated fraction of a petroleum sample. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δ¹³C) relative to the Vienna Peedee Belemnite (VPDB) standard.petroleumcarbon isotopic ratiosaturated fractionurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CarbonIsotopeWholeOilThe stable carbon isotopic ratio (¹³C/¹²C) of either the whole oil sample or the topped oil sample. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δ¹³C) relative to the Vienna Peedee Belemnite (VPDB) standard.petroleumcarbon isotopic ratiowhole oilurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CarbonateContentThe amount of carbonate in the rock in weight percent (wt%).carbonatecarbonate contenturn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:CombinedPyrolysisVitriniteReflectanceThis layer combines key pyrolysis and vitrinite reflectance data typically used as input parameters in petroleum systems modelling. The full datasets are available in the PYROLYSIS and VITRINITE REFLECTANCE web services.pyrolysisvitrinite reflectanceurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0180.0 -8.0orgchem:ElementalCarbonThe quantity of elemental carbon (C) in the sedimentary rock that is expressed in weight percent (wt%).elemental carbonsedimentary rockcarbonurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:ElementalSulphurThe quantity of elemental sulphur (S) in the rock that is expressed in weight percent (wt%). The qualitative sub-division of low sulfur (S < 4wt%), medium sulphur (4–8wt%) and high sulphur (S > 8wt%) crude oil has been applied after Orr (1986).elemental sulphursulphurrock sampleurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:MeanFAMMVitriniteReflectancewebsvc_reflectancefeaturesmeanurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:FluidInclusionStratigraphyAllSamplesThis layer contains publicly available results from the Fluid Inclusion Stratigraphy database table in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry (ORGCHEM) schema and supporting oracle databases for Fluid Inclusion Stratigraphy (FIS) analyses undertaken by FIT, a Schlumberger Company (and predecessors), on fluid inclusions in rock samples taken from boreholes. Data includes the borehole location, sample depth, stratigraphy, analytical methods and other relevant metadata, as well as the mass spectrometry results presented as atomic mass units (amu) from 2 to 180 in parts per million (ppm) micro electronvolts (μeV). Fluid inclusions (FI) are microscopic samples of fluids trapped within minerals in the rock matrix and cementation phases. Hence, these FIS data record the bulk volatile chemistry of the fluid inclusions (i.e., water, gas, and/or oil) present in the rock sample and determine the relative abundance of the trapped compounds (e.g., in amu order, hydrogen, helium, methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, higher molecular weight aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur). The FI composition can be used to identify the presence of organic- (i.e., biogenic or thermogenic) and inorganic-sourced gases. These data provide information about fluid preservation, migration pathways and are used to evaluate the potential for hydrocarbon (i.e. dry gas, wet gas, oil) and non-hydrocarbon (e.g., hydrogen, helium) resources in a basin. These data are collated from Geoscience Australia records, destructive analysis reports (DARs) and well completion reports (WCRs), and the web service will be periodically updated.fluid inclusionfluid inclusion stratigraphyFISstratigraphyurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:GCMSSIRSATAllSamplesThis layer contains publicly available results from the GCMS SIR SAT database table in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry (ORGCHEM) schema to release the molecular (biomarker) compositions of the saturated hydrocarbon fraction separated from crude oils and source rock extracts. These analyses are undertaken by various laboratories in service and exploration companies, Australian government institutions and universities using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) run in the selected ion recording (SIR) mode. Data includes the borehole or field site location, sample depth, shows and tests, stratigraphy, analytical methods, other relevant metadata, and the molecular composition of aliphatic hydrocarbons. These data provide information about the molecular composition of the source rock and its generated liquid petroleum, enabling the determination of the type of organic matter and depositional environment of the source rock and its thermal maturity. Interpretation of these data enable the determination of oil-source and oil-oil correlations, migration pathways, and any secondary alteration of the generated fluids. These data are collated from Geoscience Australia records, destructive analysis reports (DARs) and well completion reports (WCRs), and the web service will be periodically updated.GCMSgas chromatography-mass spectrometryorganic geochemistryselected ion recordingmolecular biomarkerurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:Gasfeatureswebsvc_gasprep_typeurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:GasChromatographySaturatesgas chromatographyalkanesisoprenoidspristanephytaneurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:GasDryness 2%) and wet if the ratio is < 97 % (Tissot and Welte, 1984). Ro is the percent (%) of reflected white light from vitrinite as measured under a microscope using an oil immersion lens and provides a quantitive measurement of the thermal maturity of a rock sample. Further quantitative values can be applied for natural gas as follows: early oil associated gas (<70 mol% methane: ≤0.9% Ro); oil associated gas (70-80 mol% methane: 0.9%2%); and extremely dry gas (≥99 mol%). Extremely dry gas can originate from various sources including; biogenic gas, coal seam gas, heavily biodegraded thermogenic gas and high maturity thermogenic gas. 3 styles are represented in this layer: a) Gas Dryness: Samples - Samples with gas dryness values. b) Gas Dryness: Dry or wet - A bifold classification of dry and wet gas. c) Gas Dryness: Range - Classification of dry and wet gas. PLEASE NOTE: The attribute names in this layer have been modified. This may break applications and other clients with dependencies on the service. For further information please contact Geoscience Australia Client Services at clientservices@ga.gov.au. ]]>featureswebsvc_gasC1-C5thermogenicRovitrinitereflectancebiogeniccoal seam gasmaturityurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:GrainsWithOilInclusionsThe number of grains with oil inclusions (GOI) measured in a rock sample.oil inclusionsrock samplegrainsurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:Heliumfeatureswebsvc_gasurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:HydrocarbonGasIndexfeatureswebsvc_gasgas indexurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:Hydrogenfeatureswebsvc_gasgashydrogenurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:HydrogenIndexS2PyrolysisTotal Organic CarbonKerogenurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:HydrogenIsotopeEOMThe stable hydrogen (deuterium) isotopic ratio (²H/¹H) of the extractable organic matter (EOM or C₁₂₊ hydrocarbons) obtained from the rock. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δ²H) relative to the Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Sea Water (VSMOW) standard.hydrogen isotopic ratiodeuteriumC12+ hydrocarbonsextractable organic matterEOMurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:HydrogenIsotopeEOMSaturatesThe stable hydrogen (deuterium) isotopic (²H/¹H) ratio of the saturated hydrocarbon fraction from the extractable organic matter (EOM) (C₁₂₊ hydrocarbons). Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δ²H) relative to the Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Sea Water (VSMOW) standard.hydrogen isotopic ratiodeuteriumsaturated hydrocarbon fractionC12+ hydrocarbonsEOMextractable organic matterurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:HydrogenIsotopeKerogenThe stable hydrogen (deuterium) isotopic ratio (²H/¹H) of the kerogen isolated from the rock. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δD) relative to the Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Sea Water (VSMOW) standard.hydrogen isotopic ratiodeuteriumkerogenurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:HydrogenIsotopePetroleumSaturatesThe stable hydrogen isotopic ratio (²H/¹H) of the bulk C₁₂₊ hydrocarbons in the saturated fraction of a petroleum sample. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δ²H) relative to the Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Sea Water (VSMOW) standard.petroleumhydrogen isotopic ratiosaturated fractionurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:HydrogenIsotopeWholeOilThe stable hydrogen (deuterium) isotopic ratio (²H/¹H) of either the bulk whole oil sample or the topped oil sample. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δD) relative to the Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Sea Water (VSMOW) standard.petroleumhydrogen isotopic ratiowhole oilurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:Inertinitefeatureswebsvc_petrologyinertinitesamplesrangeurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:MeanInertiniteReflectancefeaturesWEBSVC_REFLECTANCEinertiniteurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:Liptinitefeatureswebsvc_petrologyliptinitesamplesrangeurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:MeanLiptiniteReflectancefeaturesWEBSVC_REFLECTANCELiptiniteurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:Methanefeatureswebsvc_gasMethansurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:NickelVanadiumRatioThe Nickel to Vanadium ratio (Ni/Ni+V) value of the whole oil sample.petroleumnickelvanadiumNickel to Vanadium ratiourn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:NickelVanadiumRatioEOMThe Nickel to Vanadium ratio (Ni/Ni+V) value of the rock sample.nickelvanadiumNickel to Vanadium ratiorock sampleextractable organic matterEOMurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:Nitrogenfeatureswebsvc_gasnitrogenurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:NitrogenIsotopeKerogenThe stable nitrogen isotopic ratio (¹⁵N/¹⁴N) of the kerogen sample. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δD) relative to the Atmospheric Air standard.nitrogen isotopic ratiokerogenurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:NitrogenIsotopePetroleumThe stable nitrogen isotopic ratio (¹⁵N/¹⁴N) of either the bulk whole oil sample or the topped oil sample. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δD) relative to the atmospheric Air standard.petroleumnitrogen isotopic ratiowhole oilurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:NobleGasIsotopesFluidInclusionsAllSamplesThis layer contains the collection of fluid inclusion (FI) gas samples in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry database with publicly available isotopic data for the noble gases. Data includes borehole/field site header and sample metadata, the molecular composition for gas samples analysed for noble gas isotopes, and the noble gas isotopic values for Helium (He, ³He, ⁴He), Neon (Ne, ²⁰Ne, ²¹Ne, ²²Ne), Argon (Ar, ³⁶Ar, ³⁸Ar, ⁴⁰Ar), Krypton (Kr, ⁸⁴Kr), and Xenon (Xe, ¹³²Xe).noble gas isotopesfluid inclusiongas sampleurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:NobleGasIsotopesNaturalGasesAllSamplesThis layer contains the collection of gas samples in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry database with publicly available isotopic data for the noble gases. Data includes borehole/field site header and sample metadata, the molecular composition for gas samples analysed for noble gas isotopes, and the noble gas isotopic values for Helium (He, ³He, ⁴He), Neon (Ne, ²⁰Ne, ²¹Ne, ²²Ne), Argon (Ar, ³⁶Ar, ³⁸Ar, ⁴⁰Ar), Krypton (Kr, ⁷⁸Kr, ⁸⁰Kr, ⁸²Kr, ⁸⁴Kr, ⁸⁶Kr), and Xenon (Xe, ¹²⁴Xe, ¹²⁶Xe, ¹²⁸Xe, ¹²⁹Xe, ¹³⁰Xe, ¹³¹Xe, ¹³²Xe, ¹³⁴Xe, ¹³⁶Xe).nobel gas isotopesnatural gasgas sampleurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:OtherMaceralfeatureswebsvc_petrologyother maceralrangesamplesurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:OxygenIndexPyrolysisS3Total Organic Carbonurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:OxygenIsotopeCarbonateThe stable oxygen isotopic ratio (¹⁸O/¹⁶O) of the carbonate component in rocks. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δ¹⁸O) relative to the Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Sea Water (VSMOW) standard.oxygen isotopic ratiocarbonateurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:PetroleumBulkPropsStableIsoAllSamplesThis layer contains the collection of samples in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry database with publicly available petroleum bulk property and stable isotope analytical data. Petroleum is composed primarily of hydrocarbons (carbon and hydrogen) with minor quantities of organic compounds containing sulphur, and/or nitrogen, and/or oxygen. Hence, the layer provides borehole/field site header and sample metadata, and the bulk properties for petroleum which includes; API gravity, weight percent sulphur, chemical composition, and the stable carbon (¹³C/¹²C) and hydrogen (²H/¹H) isotopic ratios of the whole crude oil and derivative saturated and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions.petroleumbulk petroleum propertystable isotopehydrocarbonoilwhole oilurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:PetroleumPhotographsPhotographs of the crude oil, bitumen, asphalt, or refined petroleum specimens held in the repository at Geoscience Australia in either the Australian National Hydrocarbon Fluids Collection or the legislated Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act (OPGGSA) 2006 Physical Fluids Collection.petroleum samplephotographcrude oilbitumenasphalturn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:PetroleumSampleShowsThe petroleum fluid (oil) shows for the analysed samples in the boreholes.petroleumpetroleum showsurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:ProductionIndexProduction IndexS1S2MaturityCrackingurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:MeanPyrobitumenReflectancefeaturesWEBSVC_REFLECTANCEPyrobitumenurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:PyrolysisGCAllSamplesThis layer contains publicly available results from Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry (ORGCHEM) database and supporting oracle databases for open system pyrolysis-gas chromatography (pyrolysis-GC) analyses performed on either source rocks or kerogen samples taken from boreholes and field sites. The analyses are undertaken by various laboratories in service and exploration companies using a range of instruments. Data includes the borehole location, sample depth, stratigraphy, analytical methods and other relevant metadata, as well as the molecular composition of the pyrolysates. The concentrations of the aliphatic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon and organic sulfur compounds are given in several units of measure [e.g., percent (resolved compounds) in the S2 peak (wt% S2), milligrams per gram of rock (mg/g rock), micrograms per gram of kerogen (mg/g kerogen) etc.]. These data are used to determine the organic richness, kerogen type and thermal maturity of source rocks. The results are used as input parameters in basin analysis and petroleum systems modelling to evaluate the potential for hydrocarbon generation in a basin. These data are collated from destructive analysis reports (DARs), well completion reports (WCRs) and literature, and the web services will be periodically updated.pyrolysispyrolysis-GCpyrolysis-gas chromatographyorganic geochemistryurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:PyrolysisGCPreparationTypeThis layer contains publicly available results from Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry (ORGCHEM) database and supporting oracle databases for open system pyrolysis-gas chromatography (pyrolysis-GC) analyses. These analyses are performed on source rock samples taken from boreholes and field sites where the laboratory preparation type can be either powdered whole rock or kerogen.pyrolysispyrolysis-GCpyrolysis-gas chromatographyorganic geochemistrypreperation typekerogenwhole rockurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:PyrolysisRawThe pyrolysis raw table contains ALL results collated for total organic carbon (TOC) and pyrolysis analyses. Note: samples with incomplete data sets are provided. 1 style is represented in this layer: a) Pyrolysis Raw: Samples - Default TOC and pyrolysis data available in the selected borehole. PLEASE NOTE: The attribute names in this layer have been modified. This may break applications and other clients with dependencies on the service. For further information please contact Geoscience Australia Client Services at clientservices@ga.gov.au.websvc_pyrolysis_rawfeaturespyrolysisrawurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:ReservoirPressureThe pressure (pounds per square inch absolute - PSIA) of the reservoir when the petroleum sample was taken.petroleumpressurereservoirurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:ReservoirTemperatureThe temperature (degrees Celcius) of the reservoir when the petroleum sample was taken.petroleumtemperaturereservoirurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:RockPhotographsPhotographs of either the organic-rich rock (shale, coal, oil shale) or rock containing bitumen/oil stain. Samples may be held either in the repository at Geoscience Australia or in the state and territory core libraries.rock samplephotographshalecoaloil shalebitumenoil stainurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SARAAnalysesThe laboratory preparations undertaken to separate the petroleum sample into saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, resins (or polars) and asphaltenes (SARA). Measurements are given in milligrams (mg).petroleumSARAsaturated hydrocarbonsaromatic hydrocarbonsresinspolarsasphaltenesurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SARAAnalysesEOMMgThe laboratory preparations undertaken to isolate the extractable organic matter (EOM or C₁₂₊ hydrocarbons) in the rock. The EOM is separated into saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, resins (or polars) and asphaltenes (SARA). Measurements are given in milligrams (mg).SARA AnalysesC12+ hydrocarbonsextractable organic matterEOMurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SARAAnalysesEOMPpmThe laboratory preparations undertaken to isolate the extractable organic matter (EOM or C₁₂₊ hydrocarbons) in the rock. The EOM is separated into saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, resins (or polars) and asphaltenes (SARA). Measurements are given in parts per million (ppm).SARA AnalysesC12+ hydrocarbonsextractable organic matterEOMurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SARAAnalysesEOMNaphthenesThe laboratory preparations undertaken on the saturated hydrocarbon fraction (derived from the extractable organic matter (EOM)) into naphthenes (branched and cyclic alkanes) and n-alkanes. Measurements are given in milligrams (mg).naphthenessaturated hydrocarbon fractionextractable organic matterEOMurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SARAAnalysesNaphthenesThe laboratory preparations undertaken to separate the saturated hydrocarbon fraction (derived from the petroleum sample) into naphthenes (branched and cyclic alkanes) and n-alkanes. Measurements are given in milligrams (mg).petroleumnaphthenesSARAurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:MinimumSCIwebsvc_reflectancefeaturessporecolourationurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:ShaleGasPyrolysisShale GasShaleGasGasurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SoilGasAllSamplesThis layer contains publicly available results from the soil gas database table in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry (ORGCHEM) schema and supporting oracle databases for gas analyses undertaken by Geoscience Australia's laboratory on soil samples taken from shallow (down to 1 m below the surface) percussion holes which have been released in reports. Data includes the percussion hole field site location, sample depth, analytical methods, and other relevant metadata, as well as the molecular and isotopic compositions of the soil gas with air included in the reported results. Acquisition of the molecular compounds are by gas chromatography (GC) and the isotopic ratios by gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS). The concentrations of argon (Ar), carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen (N₂) and oxygen (O₂) are given in mole percent (mol%). The concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), helium (He), hydrogen (H₂) and methane (C₁, CH₄) are given in parts per million (ppm). Compound concentrations that are below detection limit (BDL) are reported as the value -99999. The isotopic ratios of carbon and nitrogen are presented in parts per mil (‰) and in delta notation as δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N, respectively. Determining the individual sources and migration pathways of the components of natural gases found in the near surface are useful in basin analysis with derived information being used to support Australian exploration for energy resources (petroleum and hydrogen) and helium.These data are collated from Geoscience Australia records and the web service will be periodically updated.soilsoil gasmolecular compositioncarbon isotope ratio of CO2nitrogen isotope ratio of N2urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283112.0 -43.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SoilGasArgonThis layer contains the soil gas samples in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry database with argon (Ar) concentration in mole percent (mol%) with air included in the results.soilsoil gasargonurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283112.0 -43.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SoilGasCarbonDioxideThis layer contains the soil gas samples in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry database with carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration in mole percent (mol%) with air included in the results.soilsoil gascarbon dioxideCO2urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283112.0 -43.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SoilGasCarbonMonoxideThis layer contains the soil gas samples in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry database with carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in parts per million (ppm).soilsoil gascarbon monoxideCOurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283112.0 -43.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SoilGasHeliumThis layer contains the soil gas samples in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry database with helium (He) analyses, measured for concentration of helium in parts per million (ppm) with air included in the results.soilsoil gasheliumHeurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SoilGasHydrogenThis layer contains the soil gas samples in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry database with hydrogen (H₂) analyses, measured for concentration of hydrogen in parts per million (ppm) with air included in the results.soilsoil gashydrogenurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SoilGasMethaneThis layer contains the soil gas samples in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry database with methane (C₁, CH₄) analyses, measured for concentration of methane in parts per million (ppm) with air included in the results.soilsoil gasmethaneurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SoilGasNitrogenThis layer contains the soil gas samples in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry database with nitrogen (N₂) concentration in mole percent (mol%) with air included in the results.soilsoil gasnitrogenN2urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283112.0 -43.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SoilGasOxygenThis layer contains the soil gas samples in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry database with oxygen (O₂) concentration in mole percent (mol%) with air included in the results.soilsoil gasoxygenO2urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283112.0 -43.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SourceRockBulkPropsStableIsoAllSamplesThis layer contains the collection of samples in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry database with publicly available bulk property and stable isotope analytical data for rocks that contain organic matter, typically referred to as source rocks (e.g. organic-rich shale, oil shale, and coal). The layer provides borehole/field site header and sample metadata, and 'bulk' properties of organic-rich rocks which includes; carbon, hydrogen and sulphur concentration (also see pyrolysis results layer), and the molecular composition of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon fractions. Isotopic ratios of carbon (¹³C/¹²C), hydrogen (²H/¹H) are given for kerogen, extractable organic matter (EOM), and derivative saturated and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions.source rockbulk propertystable isotopehydrocarbonEOMextractable organic matterurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:StableIsotopesCarbonatesAllSamplesThis layer contains the collection of samples in Geoscience Australia's organic geochemistry database with publicly available analytical data for the stable isotopes of carbonates. Data includes borehole/field site header and sample metadata, and the stable carbon (¹³C/¹²C) and oxygen (¹⁸O/¹⁶O) isotopic ratios measured for the carbonate component of sedimentary rocks. Nitrogen (¹⁵N/¹⁴N) and sulphur (³⁴S/³²S) isotopic ratios measurements are available for other rock types.isotopes of carbonatesisotopescarbonatescarbonoxygensulphurnitrogenurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SulphurThe quantity of sulphur (S) in a crude oil that is expressed in weight percent (wt %). The qualitative sub-division of low sulphur (S ≤ 1%) and high sulphur (S > 1%) crude oil has been applied after Tissot & Welte (1984). Geoscience Australia defines very low sulphur crude oils where S ≤ 0.25%. The qualitative sub-division of sweet (S ≤ 0.5%) and sour (S > 0.5%) crude oil has been applied after Dembicki (2017).petroleumsulphururn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SulphurIsotopeKerogenThe stable sulphur isotopic ratio (³⁴S/³²S) of the kerogen sample. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δ³⁴S) relative to the Vienna Cañon Diablo meteorite (VCDT) standard.sulphur isotopic ratiokerogenurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:SulphurIsotopePetroleumThe stable sulphur isotopic ratio (³⁴S/³²S) of either the bulk whole oil sample or the topped oil sample. Measurements are given in per mil (‰) and delta notation (δD) relative to the Vienna Cañon Diablo meteorite (VCDT) standard.petroleumsulphur isotopic ratiowhole oilurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:MeanTAIwebsvc_reflectancefeaturesthermalalterationurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:TmaxTmaxCrackingRock EvalPyrolysisS1S2S3urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:TotalOrganicCarbonRock EvalPyrolysisS1S2S4TOCGAPetersOrganic RichnessOrganic Richnessurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:MeanMaximumVitriniteReflectancewebsvc_reflectancefeaturesvr maximum meanvitrinitemaximummeanurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:RandomMeanDerivedVitriniteReflectancewebsvc_reflectancefeaturesvitrinitemean derivedGApetersjarvieurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:RandomMeanVitriniteReflectancewebsvc_reflectancefeaturesrandom meanurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:MeanUnspecifiedVitriniteReflectancewebsvc_reflectancefeaturesvitrinitereflectanceunspecifiedmeanurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:Vitrinitefeatureswebsvc_petrologyvitriniterangesamplesurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 -8.0orgchem:WholeOilGasChromatographywebsvc_whole_oil_gcfeaturesgas chromatographyalkanesisoprenoidspristanephytaneurn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4283110.0 -45.0170.0 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